高中化学:溶解度和Ksp怎么不一样了

2025-03-15 22:02:50
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

溶解度,符号S,在一定温度下,某固态物质在100g溶剂中达到饱和状态时所溶解的溶质的质量,叫做这种物质在这种溶剂中的溶解度。物质的溶解度属于物理性质。

Ksp沉淀平衡常数 (solubility product)Ksp简称溶度积.难溶电解质在水中会建立一种特殊的动态平衡。难溶电解质尽管难溶,但还是有一部分阴阳离子进入溶液,同时进入溶液的阴阳离子又会在固体表面沉积下来。当这两个过程的速率相等时,难溶电解质的溶解就达到平衡状态,固体的量不再减少。这样的平衡状态叫沉淀溶解平衡,其平衡常数叫溶度积。
溶解达到平衡时的溶液叫饱和溶液。
Ksp(solubility product)在一定温度下是个常数,它的大小反映了物质的溶解能力。
对于相同数目离子组成的沉淀,溶度积越小越难溶。
Ksp值只随温度的变化而变化,不随浓度增大而增大。

从定义可以看出,溶解度和Ksp指的是两种不同行为的概念,溶解度可以是易溶的物质,也可以是难溶的物质,溶解度越大,物质在溶剂中越易溶,而Ksp一般反映难溶电解质在水中的溶解能力,Ksp越大,越易溶

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