试述应力腐蚀破裂的概念.它与腐蚀疲劳有何不同

2025-03-16 10:14:56
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

应力腐蚀破裂是指管道在拉应力和特定的腐蚀环境下产生的低应力脆性破裂现象。
腐蚀疲劳断裂
金属零件在交变应力和腐蚀介质的共同作用下导致的断裂称为腐蚀疲劳断裂。它既不同于应力腐蚀破坏也不同于机械疲劳,同时也不是腐蚀和机械疲劳两种因素作用的简单叠加。
特点
(1)疲劳腐蚀不需要特定的腐蚀系统,它在不含任何特定腐蚀离子的蒸馏水中也能发生。
(2)任何金属材料均可能发生腐蚀疲劳。
(3)材料的腐蚀疲劳不存在疲劳极限。
(4)腐蚀疲劳初裂纹的扩展受应力循环周次的控制,不循环时裂纹不扩展。
断口特征
(1)脆性断裂,断口附近无塑变。
(2)微观断口可见疲劳辉纹,但由于腐蚀介质的作用而模糊不清;二次裂纹较多并具有泥纹花样。
(3)属于多源疲劳,裂纹的走向可以是穿晶型的也可以是沿晶型的。
(4)断口中的腐蚀产物与环境中的腐蚀产物一致。

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