蛋白质的元素组成特点如何?有何实际意义?

2025-03-17 12:22:52
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

蛋白质
(占鲜重7-10%,干重50%)
结构
元素组成
c、h、o、n,有的还有p、s等
单体
氨基酸
(约20种,必需8种,非必需12种)
化学结构
由多个氨基酸分子脱水缩合而成,含有多个肽键的化合物,叫多肽。
多肽呈链状结构,叫肽链。一个蛋白质分子含有一条或几条肽链。
结构特点
由于组成蛋白质的氨基酸的种类、数目、排列次序不同,于是肽链的空间结构千差万别,因此蛋白质分子的结构是极其多样的。
功能
蛋白质的结构多样性决定了它的特异性/功能多样性。
1.
构成细胞和生物体的重要物质:如细胞膜、染色体、肌肉中的蛋白质;
2.
有些蛋白质有催化作用:如各种酶;
3.
有些蛋白质有运输作用:如血红蛋白、载体蛋白;
4.
有些蛋白质有调节作用:如胰岛素、生长激素等;
5.
有些蛋白质有免疫作用:如抗体。

回答2:

元素组成特点:一定含有碳氢氧氮
可能含有硫

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