定语从句的基本用法:
(一)关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who 指人,在定语从句中作主语,有时也作宾语。
2. whose 通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语。
3.whom 指人,在定语从句中做宾语,常可省略。
指物时,常用下列结构来代替:
The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
=Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow?
4.which 指物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语,做宾语时常可省略。
5.that 引导定语从句时,既可以指人,也可以指物。指人时,相当于who 或whom;指物时,相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时常可省略。
定语从句考查重点:
(一)定语从句在下列情况下只能用that,而不能用which指物。(指人时可以用who/whom)
1. 当先行词被形容词最高级或者序数词修饰时。
2. 当先行词是不定代词everything, anything, nothing ,something, all, none, few, little, some,much等代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等代词修饰时
3. 当先行词被the very, the only, the same, the last修饰时
4. 当先行词是who,或which引导的主句时
5. 当先行词为人与动物或人与物时