(二)基础知识梳理1.不定冠词a/an的用法.不定冠词用来修饰单数可数名词,指人或物中的某一个或某一类,但不具体说明是何人何物。如:A famous astronaut will give us a talk the week after next.a用在以辅音音素(不是辅音字母)开头的单词前,如:a university student,a European country;an用在以元音音素(不是元音字母)开头的单词前,如:an honest girl,现将不定冠词的基本用法归纳如下:
1)首次提到某人某物,不定冠词起介绍作用。如:Long long ago an old man lived in a small village.
2)表示“每一”的意思,常用于表示时间、速度的名词之前,相当于every。如:ten metres a second,twice a week
3)也可用于不可数的物质名词和抽象名词之前,使其具体化。如:1 would like a drink.It’s a great joy to live in Shanghai.
4)某些固定短语中,要用不定冠词
2.定冠词the的用法
1)指第二次提到的人或物。如:
I have a dog and a cat.The dog is brown and the cat is yellow.
2)特指某人或某物。如:
The old man with thick glasses is their history teacher.
3)指谈话双方都知道的人或物。如:
Would you mind turning down the radio,Jim?
4)用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前。如:
The third truck is carrying the fewest apples of all.
5)用于指世界上独一无二的事物。如:
The moon is far smaller than the earth.
6)在江河、海洋、山脉等地理名词前及由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如the Nile,the Pacific Ocean,the Alps,the Oriental Pear 7)用于表示方位的名词前。如:
Shanghai is in the east of China.