定语从句中 that 跟 whose which when..他们之中在什么情况只能用什么?

2025-03-04 18:30:50
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

以下都是我在语法书里查到的,仅供参考:
1、先说that和which吧:that只能用在限定性定语从句中(限定性就是说特别限定指的是什么,例如:the money that is in the wallet is mine.这个句子里的that特别指出“钱包里的钱”是我的),在非限定性定语从句中永远不能用that,另外介词后面不能用that,要用which(例如:Crusoe's dog that was now very old,became ill and died.这个句子是错误的,这里不能用that,要用which,因为他只是说这只狗很老,而没有进行限定,正确改法是:Crusoe's dog which was very old now,became ill and died.)。不过which也可以用在限定性定语从句里,在代替事物的时候,一般可以通用(例如:The money which/that in the wallet is mine.)
2、而Whose呢,即可以代替人,也可以代替事物。例如:I live in the room whose window faces south.这里可以不用that。Whose不一定要跟that,that可以省略,无所谓的。例如:Do you know (that) whose bag is this?
3、when的话,可以不跟that,跟Whose差不多。that是用来表示定语从句,而关系代词使用来引导定语从句的,关系代词有:which,Whose,whom,that,of which。关系代词和普通代词不一样的地方就在于:它在定语中有一定成分,而且有连词的作用。

回答2:

分两种情况。非限制性定语从句中(标志就是主句和定语从句之间有逗号)根本就没有that.
限制性定语从句中都能能用。
1、whose+名词,在定语从句中做定语,表示“……的”如:I don't like the book whose cover is all black.在从句中,whose做cover的定语,表示“……的(封皮)”。 (适用于限制和非限制定从)
2、which在定语从句中做主语或宾语等,代指前面的先行名词。比如:I don't like the book which you bought yesterday.which 指代先行词the book,并且在定语从句中做bought 后的宾语。(在限制性定语从句中,which/that的用法基本相同)
3、when 代替先行词在定语从句中做状语,表时间。比如:I remember the days when he helped me.在定语从句when he helped me中语义完整,when 代指the days在从句中表示时间做时间状语,故用when。