介词for和to的用法？它们可以表示什么？

For和to这两个介词，意义丰富，用法复杂。这里仅就它们主要用法进行比较。
1. 表示各种“目的”
1. What do you study English for? 你为什么要学英语？
2. She went to france for holiday. 她到法国度假去了。
3. These books are written for pupils. 这些书是为学生些的。
4. hope for the best, prepare for the worst. 作最好的打算，作最坏的准备。
2． 对于
1．She has a liking for painting. 她爱好绘画 。
2．She had a natural gift for teaching. 她对教学有天赋/
3． 表示赞成同情，用不用
1. Are you for the idea or against it? 你是支持还是反对这个想法？
2. He expresses sympathy for the common people.. 他表现了对普通老百姓的同情。
3. I felt deeply sorry for my friend who was very ill.
4 表示因为，由于（常有较活译法）
1 Thank you for coming. 谢谢你来。
2. France is famous for its wines. 法国因酒而出名。
5． 当事人对某事的主观看法，对于（某人），对…来说（多和形容词连用）用介词to，不用for..
He said that money was not important to him.
他说钱对他并不重要。
To her it was rather unusual.
对她来说这是相当不寻常的。
They are cruel to animals. 他们对动物很残忍。
6． 和fit, good, bad, useful, suitable 等形容词连用，表示适宜，适合。
Some training will make them fit for the job.
经过一段训练，他们会胜任这项工作的。
Exercises are good for health.
锻炼有益于健康。
Smoking and drinking are bad for health.
抽烟喝酒对健康有害。
You are not suited for the kind of work you are doing.
7. 表示不定式逻辑上的主语，可以用在主语、表语、状语、定语中。
1． It would be best for you to write to him.
2． The simple thing is for him to resign at once.
3． There was nowhere else for me to go.
4． He opened a door and stood aside for her to pass.
8. 表示前往（某地）去某地，用for不用to
I bought a ticket for Milan.
I start for Shanghai tomorrow. 我明天去上海。
The ship is for Liverpool. 这艘船是开往利物浦的。
9. 表示到达的目的地、终点.用to不用for
The bus will take you to the post office. 公共汽车会把你送到邮局去的。
He saw her to the railway station. 他把她送到火车站。
10． 作为（意思接近as）for可以与to互换。
I’ll keep it for a souvenir. 我将把它留作纪念。
He spoke English so well that I took him for a foreigner.
他英语说的那么好，我还以为他是外国人。
He took her to (or for) wife. 他娶她为妻。
11．表示交换
He is willing to work for nothing.
他愿意义务地工作。

FOR 和 TO 用途太广了，一时说不清楚，需要时间，自己慢慢深入理解。

一般FOR 呢，是指一件事情。表目的性比较强， 而TO 呢， 可能大部份情况都是指向。
比如，THANK YOU FOR ........加一件事情， 谢谢你什麼什麼。。。。
YOU LEARN ENLGISH FOR GETTING A BETTER JOB 你学英语是为了得到一份更好的工作。
FOR 为介词。。後面一般接动词的动名词形式。

TO 大部份用於不定式。 I TRY TO DO........我尝试著去做。。。。
I TRY TO STUDY ENGLISH WELL. 我试著把英语学好。
DO意思是动词的原形。所以套过来，就成了，STUDY
而不是STUDYING.