乙醛溶液与银氨溶液发生银镜反应的化学方程式

2025-03-16 20:07:07
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

CH3CHO+2Ag(NH3)2OH ==(水浴加热)== CH3COONH4 + 2Ag↓ +3NH3 +H20

银镜反应是银(Ag)化合物的溶液被还原为金属银的化学反应,由于生成的金属银附着在容器内壁上,光亮如镜,故称为银镜反应。常见的银镜反应是银氨络合物〈氨银配合物〉(又称托伦 试剂)被醛类化合物还原为银,而醛被氧化为相应的羧酸根离子的反应,不过除此之外,某些银化合物(如硝酸银)亦可被还原剂(如肼)还原,产生银镜。

银镜反应是用来检验醛及 还原性糖的一个定性实验,主要用来检测 醛基(即-CHO)的存在。此实验操作简单,现象明显,易于观察。

实验方法:

  1. 实验前使用热的氢氧化钠溶液清洗试管,再用蒸馏水清洗。

  2. 取一支试管,加4~6滴酒石酸钾钠溶液和1ml蒸馏水,再加10滴甲酸钠溶液,振荡后加8~10滴银氨溶液,溶液呈淡棕色,再滴入1~2滴浓氨水,振荡后溶液变成无色。在50~70℃水浴中加热约30~40秒即有银镜生成。

  3. 在试管中加入3~4滴甲酸钠溶液和2ml蒸馏水,充分振荡,边滴加银氨溶液边振荡至沉淀刚好溶解(约12滴)。将试管置于70℃水中加热至近沸点即有银镜生成(约8分钟)。

回答2:

回答3:

乙醛被银氨溶液氧化

回答4:

CH3CHO+2Ag(NH3)2OH ==(水浴加热)== CH3COONH4 + 2Ag↓ +3NH3 +H20

少量银氨溶液会使乙醛氧化成乙酸。

回答5:

CH3CHO+2Ag(NH3)2OH ==(水浴加热)== CH3COONH4 + 2Ag↓ +3NH3 +H20

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