A]=>r2-r1、r4-r1*2
[1 2 -2 1 5]
0 -3 4 -3 -2
0 3 -4 3 1
0 -3 4 -3 -8
=> r3+r2、r4-r2
[1 2 -2 1 5]
0 -3 4 -3 -2
0 0 0 0 -1
0 0 0 0 -6
=> r3*(-1)、r4+r3*6、[r2+r3*2、r1-r3*5(这两步不做也已经是行阶梯型了)]
[1 2 -2 1 0]
0 -3 4 -3 0
0 0 0 0 1
0 0 0 0 0