y'''+y''-y'-y=0特征方程为:r^3-r^2-r+1=0r^2(r-1)-(r-1)=0(r-1)(r^2-1)=0(r-1)^2(r+1)=0r=1(二重根)r=-1通解为y=(C1+C2c)e^x+C3e^(-x)常系数齐次微分方程都是通过求特征根来获的通解得