谓语什么时候接单数,什么时候用复数

2024-12-04 16:28:03
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

主谓一致:在英语句中,谓语受主语动支配,必须同主语在人称和数上保持一致.
*名词+as well as/no less than/but/except/with/like +其他名词,作主语时,谓语与前面的第一个名词一致.
*few/a few/both/many/several+名词复数/of+名词复数+复数
*不定代词/疑问代词(something/anything/anywhere/somewhere/where/when)+单数
语法一致原则:句子谓语动词的数取决于该句子主语的数.
1.“the+姓氏名词的复数形式”(---的成员)+复数 2.all/some/half/enough/two thirds +名词(单/复数)+单/复数 3.复数形式的名词:clothes/trousers/shorts(短裤)/glasses/scissors/gloves/chopsticks等+复数
* 计量单位(pair)+ 复数形式的名词+谓语取决于 计量单位
意义一致原则:谓语动词的单、复数形式,取决于主语所表达的概念.
1.集体名词:people/public(公共)/police/crew(船员)+复数 2.复数形式,单数意义.(news/physics/maths/politics) 3.集合名词:class/family/team/Chinese/Japanese强调总体--单数;强调个体--复数.The class has 45 students. The class are planting trees on the hill.
4.时间、距离、价格、重量的复数名词/算式+单数 Ten days is a long time.
5.the +形容词“表一类人”+复数; The rich have much money.
6.and/both--- and + 复数 7.one of/each of/none of/either of/neither of +名词+单数 8.a number(许多) +n +复数;the number (---的数量)+n +单数
9.名词+and+名词“表同一人/物用单数”“表不同人/物用复数”
The writer and the speaker are from the USA. The writer and speaker is from the USA.
就近一致原则:谓语动词的数要与它紧邻的名词/代词的数保持一致.
1.or/not--- but/either--- or---/neither--- nor---/not only--- but also--- +就近原则
2.There be+并列主语
(一)主谓一致的种类
1.语法形式上的一致
主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也用复数形式.如:
The number of the students present is 200.
Jane and Mary look alike.

2.意义上一致
1)主语形式虽为单数,但意义为复数,谓语动词用复数.如:The crowd were shouting.
单数形式代表复数内容的词有:people, police, cattle等.

2)主语形式为复数,而意义上却是单数,谓语动词用单数.如:The news was so surprising.
形复意单的单词有news和一些以ics结尾的学科名称,如physics,politics, economics等.
3.就近原则
即谓语动词的单、复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语.如用连词or,either…or, neither…not, not only…but also等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,谓语动词与靠近它的主语一致.如:
Either your students or Mr. Wang knows this.