形容词是表示人或事物的性质、特征或属性的一类词。它在句中可以充当定语,对名词起修饰、描绘作用,还可以充当表语、宾语补足语等。形容词作定语修饰名词时,一般放在被修饰的名词之前,称作前置定语。但有时也可放在被修饰的名词之后,称作后置定语。
1.
当形容词修饰由every-、some-、any-、no-加body、one、thing等构成的复合不定代词时须后置。例如:
Have
you
ever
met
anyone
famous
?
你曾经见过名人吗?
He
did
everything
possible
to
help
us
.
他做了一切可能做的来帮助我们。
There
is
something
wrong
with
the
computer
.
这台电脑出毛病了。
注意:若something
前面有定冠词修饰,形容词不用后置。例如:There
,
on
the
table
,
was
the
mysterious
something
that
they
had
been
looking
for
.
看,在桌子上,正是他们一直孜孜以求的神秘的东西。
2.
形容词组作定语须后置,其功能相当于一个定语从句。例如:
_________
to
take
this
adventure
course
will
certainly
learn
a
lot
of
useful
skills
.
A.
Brave
enough
students
B.
Enough
brave
students
C.
Students
brave
enough
D.
Students
enough
brave
They
are
the
boys
easiest
to
teach
.
他们是最容易教的孩子。(划线部分相当于who
are
easiest
to
teach)
The
basket
full
of
some
fruits
belongs
to
the
old
woman
.
盛满各种水果的这个篮子是这位老妇人的。(划线部分相当于which
is
full
of
some
fruits
)
Those
brave
enough
to
take
the
course
must
be
the
top
students
in
the
grade
.
那些敢于选修这门课程的学生一定是本年级的尖子生。(划线部分相当于who
are
brave
enough)
3.
两个形容词用and
或or连接作定语,进一步说明被修饰名词的作用,此时须后置。例如:
Power
stations
,
large
and
small
,
have
been
set
up
all
over
the
country
.
大大小小的水电站已经在全国各地兴建起来了。(划线部分相当于which
are
large
and
small)
Every
book
,
new
or
old
,
should
be
put
in
the
room
.
不论新书还是旧书都应该放在这个房间里。(划线部分相当于which
are
new
or
old)
4.
形容词else常位于不定代词或疑问代词后作定语。例如:
Anything
else
I
can
do
for
you
?
我能为你做些别的事情吗?
What
else
did
they
say
?
他们还说了些什么?
5.
形容词比较等级结构修饰名词时须后置。例如:
The
Smiths
need
a
car
garage
twice
larger
than
this
one
.
史密斯夫妇需要一个比这个大一倍的车库。
He
has
booked
the
seat
farthest
from
the
door
on
the
train
for
us
.
他已经为我们预定了火车上离车门最远的座位。
6.
“基数词+表示时间或度量单位的名词+形容词”结构可用来修饰名词,起定语作用。此时,该类结构的词组须后置。例如;
Yesterday
,
a
Mr
Brown
,
28
years
old
,
came
to
visit
you
.
昨天,一位二十八岁,自称是布朗先生的人来拜访过你。
There
used
to
be
a
tall
building
about
50
metres
high
.
过去,这里曾经有一座大约50米高的大楼。
7.
部分以a-开头的表语形容词,如:alive
,
alike
,
alone
,
awake
等,有时也可以作定语修饰名词。此时,须将该形容词置于被修饰的名词之后。例如:
She
was
the
only
person
awake
at
that
night
.
她是那天晚上惟一一个醒着的人。
You
are
the
happiest
children
alive
.
你们是当代最幸福的孩子。
8.
形容词responsible
作“可信赖的;可靠的”解时,作前置定语;作“有责任的;应负责的”解时,须作后置定语。例如:
He
is
a
responsible
man
.
他是一个可以信赖的人。
The
man
responsible
should
be
their
manager
.
负责任的应该是他们的经理。
9.
形容词present
作“现在的;目前的;现存的”解时,作前置定语;作“出席的;在场的”解时,须作后置定语。例如:
What
is
your
present
address
?
你现在的住址是什么?
The
present
international
situation
is
excellent
.
当前的国际形势一片大好。
The
professors
present
at
the
meeting
came
from
Shandong
University
.
出席这次会议的教授们来自山东大学。
The
students
present
welcomed
the
decision
.
在场的学生都欢迎那个决议。
10.
形容词worth构成的词组作定语时,常常后置。例如:
In
1626
the
island
of
Manhattan
was
bought
from
local
Indians
,
Natives
Americans
,
for
a
handful
of
goods
worth
$24
.
曼哈顿岛是于1626年从当地的印第安人(即美洲土著人)手中买来的,只花了价值约为24美元的为数不多的货物。
A
car
worth
$
80,000
is
not
too
dear
for
him
to
buy
.
对他来讲,买一辆价值八万美元的车不算太贵。(划线部分相当于which
/
that
is
worth
$
8,000)
The
tall
building
worth
200,000
dollars
in
all
has
been
sold
to
a
foreigner
.
总计达20万美元的高楼已经卖给了一位外国人。
There
is
five
minutes
left.只剩下五分钟了,left就是过去分词作后置定语
过去分词做后置定语要怎么做呢?