rather than
①rather than必须连接两个平行结构,即并联两个词(如名词、代词),两个动词不定式或并联两个短语或分句。
如:
John ought to go rather than Mary.
约翰比玛丽更应该去。
②当rather than并联两个动词不定式时,后一个动词不定式一般省略to(在比较正式的文体中也可以保留to)。
如:
In China,it is important to invest in education rather than(to)increase personal wages.
在中国,优先投资教育比增加个人工资重要。
would rather
①would rather是固定习惯用语,可用于任何人称,其简略形式是 ’d rather。would rather之后直接带省略to的动词不定式。
如:
Would you rather stay at home or go out with me?
你愿意呆在家里,还是愿意跟我出门?
②would rather还可以与than连用,构成“would rather+省略to的不定式+than+省略to的不定式”结构。
如:
Tom would rather read than talk.=Tom prefers reading to talking.
汤姆喜爱读书胜过与人交谈。
③would rather之后带从句时,从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气,即用过去式表示现在或将来的意义,用过去完成式表示过去的意义。
如:
I’d rather she had repaired her car last night.=I wish she had repaired her car last night.
但愿她昨晚就把车修好了。
④一般来说。would rather之后跟动词原形表达的意思是“偏爱,宁愿”,但如果其后跟动词hope,think,like,enjoy和have等时,would rather则含有“很,非常”的意思。请比较:
I’d rather like reading.我很喜欢读书。
I’m not sure,but I’d rather think so.我没有十分把握,但认为很可能如此。
rather...than 有“与其说...倒不如说..."的意思。
举几个例子。
1。She is charming rather than beautiful.
与其说她美倒不如说她迷人。
2。These are political rather than social matters.
这是政治问题而不是社会问题。
3。It is a telex rather than a letter.
与其说它是一封信,不如说它是一封电传。
more…than…有时也表示“与其说…, 倒不如说…”
如:He is more diligent than wise.
与其说他很聪明,倒不如说他很勤奋。
would rather ...than是宁愿怎么样而不怎么样,用得比较多的例子是I'd rather die than live without you.用动词原形
would... rather than是我会去做什么而不回去做什么。I would go there rather than stay at home.