In recent years, in order to address the SME financing, all localities have established a loan guarantee agency. To understand these loan guarantee agency business development, Statistics Division of the People's Bank of China loan guarantees in the investigation group has recently conducted a nationwide survey. Investigation showed that the company secured loans for SME financing solutions with a positive role, But there are also a number of their own limitations, suggest measures to improve the environment. Loan Guarantee Corporation ease difficulties in financing SMEs SME Credit Guarantee practice began in 1992. In the wake of the 1999 levels by the government to promote and standardize the pilot phase of the system in 2000 after the perfect stage, At present, China's service to SME financing loan guarantee institutions have begun to take shape. And participation in government-funded loan guarantees funded institutions accounted for 70%, government to improve SME financing environment and the promotion of loan guarantee agencies to establish played a positive role. SME financing biggest problem is collateral for a loan difficult. Banks to avoid risks and generally require enterprises to provide loans secured However, SMEs in particular, small businesses find difficult to meet the requirements of the bank collateral or security units. Loan guarantee agencies from helping SMEs in particular small business loans secured difficult start, industrial and commercial, taxation, peer, and other investigations, security enterprises need to grasp the legal representative of business ethics; approval of the loan amount set different authority; Under different circumstances with different anti-security measures, the establishment of risk prevention barriers, It is also offered to corporate communication for mortgages and other documents required for the channel In particular, some funded by the government or participate in financing the security agencies to use its various departments dealing with the convenience help enterprises mortgage documents for enterprises and assume security responsibility, to a certain extent eased some markets, effective and prospects for development of the SME loan to the problem. Also lowering the loan guarantee company with the cooperation of the commercial banks to reduce the risk of the banking and energy inputs, expansion of bank loans. Through "security agencies to provide security -- bank loans -- production, and development" of such a virtuous circle guarantee the existence of boosting the growth of small and medium enterprises, accelerate the pace of development of enterprises. Loan guarantee agencies to solve SME financing difficulties due to the limitations of the secured loan business management vacuum and the management of their own size limitations, and other issues, My loan guarantee agencies in addressing the SME financing difficulties of the role is limited. First, the distribution of loans secured a limited number of institutions that it is difficult to meet many of the financing needs of SMEs. China SME financing services for the loan guarantee agency to provide security for SMEs households only the total number of SMEs about 13%, to meet the large number of SME needs. Second loan guarantee agencies and the scale of operations is limited. Current loan guarantee agencies may use the funds in size, total responsibility for security guarantees can be used only of the total 2.5 times, responsibilities for the balance of the total available funds of about 1.3 times, failed to play its due role to enlarge. World security agencies operating practices, the funds secured magnification generally about 10 times. 3 is that the loan guarantee agencies operating varieties limited that it is difficult to meet the various SME funding needs. According to the survey, nearly 55% of the loan guarantee agencies to provide liquidity enterprises only loan guarantees, providing liquidity loan guarantees also provide other forms of secured lending institutions less than 40%. SMEs in the medium and long term funding needs are still unmet. From international security agencies secured loan period, the majority of countries for SMEs to provide long-term bank loan guarantees secured a longer period, usually in two years, the longest of the United States (17), China shortest (usually three to six months, is the longest one year). 4 loan is secured to prevent the risk of its limited means to solve SME financing role. According to the survey, 60% of the loan guarantee agency to provide mortgage or pledge of loan guarantee services, 25% of the loan guarantee agencies only provide a secured loan guarantees, There were 23% of the loan guarantees companies ask a third party to provide security only mutual insurance services, only 20% of the credit guarantee institutions to provide security services. Most of the security company also failed to provide the full significance of a credit guarantee.
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How does the loan bonding company alleviate mid- and small-scaleenterprise to finance difficultly
In the last few years, finances difficultly for the solution mid- andsmall-scale enterprise, each place has established the loan guaranteeorganization. In order to understand these loan guarantee organizationservice development situations, the People's Bank of China counted thedepartment loan guarantee investigation group recently to carry on aninvestigation in the national scope. The investigation indicated that,the loan bonding company financed difficultly for the solution mid-and small-scale enterprise to get up the certain positive role, butoneself also had some limitations, suggested took the related measureto perform to improve.
The loan bonding company alleviates mid- and small-scale enterprisethe financing difficulty
Mid- and small-scale enterprise our country credit guarantee practicebeginning in 1992, in has experienced in 1999 the standard experimentsite stage which impels after all levels of governments and 2000system perfect stage, at present our country serves to mid- andsmall-scale enterprise the financing loan guarantee organization hasbegun to take shape. The government invested and participates in theinvestment the loan guarantee organization to account for above 70%,the government financing environment and the advancement loanguarantee organization establishment aspect played the positive rolein the improvement mid- and small-scale enterprise.
The enterprise small business very is in particular difficult to findconforms to the bank request mortgage or the guarantee unit. The loanguarantee organization specially is the small business loan mortgageguarantees difficultly from the solution mid- and small-scaleenterprise to obtain, through investigation and so on industry andcommerce, tax revenue, colleague, the assurance must guarantee theenterprise legal person representative's business ethics; To loanexamination and approval amount hypothesis different jurisdiction;Takes the different counter- guarantee measure according to thedifferent situation and so on, establishes the guard risk the barrier,moreover also on own initiative links up for the enterprise handlesthe mortgage and so on to need the credential the channel, inparticular some or participate in the investment by the governmentinvestment the guarantee organization to use its and variousdepartments has the social dealings the convenience, helps theenterprise to handle the mortgage certificate and to undertakeenterprise's obligation of warranty, alleviated in the certain degreepartially had the market, has the benefit and has the prospects fordevelopment mid- and small-scale enterprise the loan difficultquestion, also was reducing commercial bank's risk which cooperatedwith the loan bonding company simultaneously to reduce the bank energyinvestment, expanded the bank loan.
Through " The guarantee organization provides the guarantee --bank loan -- enterprise to produce, to develop " This kind ofpositive cycle, the guarantee organization existence has boosted mid-and small-scale enterprise the growth, sped up the enterprise todevelop the step.
Mid- and small-scale enterprise the loan guarantee organizationsolution finances difficultly to have the limitation
As a result of loan guarantee profession management vacuum, own scaleand management aspect the and so on limitation question, our countryloan guarantee organization at present finances in the solution mid-and small-scale enterprise the difficult aspect function is limited.
One, the loan guarantee organization distributed quantity is limited,satisfies with difficulty multitudinously finances the difficult mid-and small-scale enterprise demand. At present our country the loanguarantee organization which serves for mid- and small-scaleenterprise financing provides the guarantee mid- and small-scaleenterprise the household number only is mid- and small-scaleenterprise about total 13%, satisfies with difficulty for the numbermultitudinous mid- and small-scale enterprise demand.
Two, the loan guarantee organization fund scale and the businessvolume are limited. The current loan guarantee organization mayutilize the fund scale not to be big, the accumulation obligation ofwarranty only is may utilize the guarantee fund total amount about 2.5times, in guarantees the responsibility remaining sum for to bepossible to utilize the fund total amount about 1.3 times, has notgotten up the amplification which should have. The various countriesguarantee organization operation general method is, guarantee fundenlargement factor generally about 10 times.
Three, the loan guarantee organization service variety is limited,satisfies mid- and small-scale enterprise the each kind of call forfund with difficulty. According to the investigation, has the nearly55% loan guarantee organization only to provide the floating capitalloan guarantee to the enterprise, both provides the floating capitalloan guarantee and to provide other form loan guarantee theorganization not to 40%, mid- and small-scale enterprise the centerlong-term call for fund still could not obtain satisfies. From oninternational guarantees the organization the secured loan deadline tolook that, the most countries all provide the guarantee to mid- andsmall-scale enterprise the long-term bank loan, the guarantee deadlinelong, generally all above 2 years, the longest US (17 years), theshortest China (generally is 3 months to half year, is longest alsowithin 1 year).
Four, the loan guarantee organization risk guard way limited mid- andsmall-scale enterprise its solution to finance the difficult function.According to the investigation, 60% above loan guarantee organizationprovides has the loan guarantee service which the mortgage or pawns,some 25% above loan guarantee organization only provides has themortgage the loan guarantee service, but also some 23% loan bondingcompany requests to have the third party mutually to guarantee onlythen provides the guarantee service, the only 20% about guaranteeorganization provides the credit guarantee service. The majority ofbonding company has not provided the complete significance the creditguarantee.
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