解:(1)①∵34=81,∴log381=4;②∵31=3,∴log33=1;③∵30=1,∴log31=0;④由题意得:x4=16,x=±2;(2)∵ax=M,ay=N,∴logaM=x,logaN=y,∵ax�6�1ay=ax+y=MN,∴logaMN=x+y=logaM+logaN,∵ax÷ay=ax-y=MN,∴logaMN=x-y=logaM-logaN.