英语：倒装句

1、全部倒装
　　1） here, there, now, then, thus等副词置于句首, 谓语动词常用be, come, go, lie, run等表示来去或状态的动词。例如：
　　 Then came the bus. 　　 Here is your letter.
　2） 表示运动方向的副词或地点状语置于句首，谓语表示运动的动词。
　　 Out rushed a boy。
　　 Ahead sat an old woman.
但如果主语是人称代词，不能要倒装，比如：Here you are. Away they went.
3) 表语位于句首
Present at the meeting is Mr White.
Among the students is an English teacher.
4) 分词 + 介词短语+Be + 主语
Sitting in front of the house was an old man.
2. 部分倒装（不完全倒装）
　1） 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until… 等。
　　 Never have I seen such a performance.
　　 Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.　
当Not until引出主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意： 如否定词不在句首不倒装。比如：I have never seen such a performance.
　　 The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.
2）否定词开头作部分倒装
如 Not only…but also, Hardly/Scarcely…when, No sooner… than等，要倒装。例如：
　 Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物，还狠狠批评了送礼的人。
　 Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。
　 No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门，就有个学生来访。
3） so，neither, nor作部分倒装
　 用这些词表示"也"、"也不" 的句子要部分倒装。例如：　　　　
　　Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。
　　If you won't go, neither will I.你不去，我也不去。
4）only+介词短语/副词/状语从句
　 Only in this way, can you learn English well. 只有这样，你才能学好英语。
　 Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次，他才来参加会议。
　 如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装。例如：
　 Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时，他才卧床休息。
5）as, though 引导的倒装句
　 as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前（形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。但需注意：
　　1） 句首名词不能带任何冠词。
　　2） 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。例如：
　　 Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily. 他工作很努力，但总不能让人满意。
注意：让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。
6）其他部分倒装
1）） so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。例如：
So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他害怕得很，动也不敢动。
2）） 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。例如：
　　May you all be happy. 愿你们都快乐。
3）） 在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。例如：
　 Were I you, I would try it again. 我是你的话，就再试一次。

其实倒装比较容易掌握，你只要记得一些完全倒装，其余的都是部分倒装，。希望对你有帮助！

（一）诸如never,hardly,scarcely,seldom,not,rarely,nosooner,nowhere,in no way,in no case,by no means,under no circumstances等否定词或者否定短语如位于句首，句子部分倒装
Nowhere in theworld can you find a man who is more foolish than Jack.
Never before haveI heard such a story.

（二）so+adj/adv或to theextent/degree位于句首，句子倒装
So diligently doeshe work that he often forgets to eat and sleep.
To such an extentdid he go on with his empty speech that some of us began to doze.

（三）only+状语位于句首，句子倒装（主句倒装而非从句倒装）
Only when he hadfailed three times did he turn to me for help.
Only by workinghard can you achieve your goal.
Eg：Only after reading it carefully several times wasthe poem (beginning to make sense to me).
正解：did I begin to make sense of the poem