1.some和any的用法:
两者修饰可数单数名词,表某一个;任何一个;
修饰可数复数名词和不可数名词,表一些;有些。
2.
many和much的用法:
(1)many修饰复数可数名词,表许多;
much修饰不可数名词,表量或程度。
He
has
many
friends,
but
few
true
ones.
There
hasn't
been
much
good
weather
recently.
(2)many
a:
many
a和many同义,但语气比较强,并且要与单数名词及单数形动词连用。
Many
a
prisoner
has
been
set
free.
(=Many
prisoners
have
been
set
free.)
(3)as
many和so
many均等于the
same
number
of。
前有as,
like时,
只用so
many。
These
are
not
all
the
books
I
have.
These
are
as
many
more
upstairs.
They
worked
like
so
many
ants.
(4)as
much等于the
same
amount
of,
表同量和同一事情。
He
bought
two
pounds
of
sugar
and
as
much
tea.
〔同量)
I
was
not
in
the
least
surprised,
for
I
had
fully
expected
as
much.
〔同一事情)
(5)many和much之后不接名词时,作为代名词;另外much也可用副词。
Many
of
them
were
very
tired.
I
don't
eat
much
for
lunch.
〔代名词)
He
is
much
taller
than
I.
(副词〕
4.
(a)
few和(a)
little的用法:
(1)
(a)
few用在复数可数名词之前,(a)
little用在不可数名词之前。
He
took
a
few
biscuits.
(=several)
He
took
few
biscuits(=not
many)
He
took
a
little
butter.
(=some)
He
took
little
butter.
(=not
much)
(2)
few可由bardly
any或almost
no所取代,含否定的意味。
The
composition
is
well
written;
it
has
few
(=hardly
any)
mistakes.
Few
(=Almost
no)
men
can
solve
it.
(3)
a
few相当于some,
several,
含肯定的意味。
He
has
a
few
(=some
or
several)
friends.
(4)
a
little和little之间的差别,就和a
few和few的差别一样,只是(a)
little须修饰不可数名词,表量或程度。
He
grows
worse;
there
is
little
hope
of
his
recovery.
He
is
not
much
better,
but
there
is
a
little
hope.
5.
其他的数量形容词:
(1)
plenty
of,
a
lot
of,
lots
of均表许多,修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。
The
room
contained
plenty
of
(or
a
lot
of
or
lots
of)
students.(复数名词)
The
room
contained
plenty
of
(or
a
lot
of
or
lots
of)
furniture.(不可数名词)
(2)
a
great
(or
a
good)
deal
of,
a
large
(or
a
small)
quantity
of,
a
large
(or
a
small)
amount
of,
均表(量),
修饰不可数名词。
The
room
contained
a
great
deal
of
furniture.
(不可数名词)
The
room
contained
a
good
deal
of
furniture.
(不可数名词)
The
room
contained
a
large
quantity
of
furniture.
(不可数名词)
The
room
contained
a
large
amount
of
furniture.
(不可数名词)
The
room
contained
a
small
quantity
of
furniture.
(不可数名词)
The
room
contained
a
small
amount
of
furniture.
(不可数名词)
(3)
a
number
of
“许多;一些”;a
great
(large,
good)
number
of
“许多”,修饰复数可数名词,并且要与复数动词连用。
A
number
of
books
are
missing
from
the
library.
The
number
of
books
from
the
library
is
large.
(the
number
of
+复数名词←→单数动词)
The
room
contained
a
great
(or
large
or
good)
number
of
students.(复数可数名词)
(4)
enough的用法:
(A)
可接复数可数名词和不可数名词。
There
are
enough
chairs.
(可数)
There
is
enough
furniture.
(不可数)
(B)
可放在年修饰名词的前后。
We
don't
have
enough
time.
=We
don't
have
time
enough.
(5)
hundreds
of,
dozens
of,
thousands
of,
scores
of
+复数可数名词
冠词或数词(one,
two...)
+
(hundred,
dozen,
thousand,
score)
复数可数名词
(6)
the
rest
of
“其余的”,
可接复数可数名词及不可数名词,作主词时,接可数名词则用复数动词,接不可数名词则用单数动词。
The
rest
of
the
students
are
absent.
(复数可数名词)
The
rest
of
the
water
was
thrown
away.
不可数名词)
注:the
rest作代名词,
等于
the
others,
和复数动词连用。
a
number
of
/
a
great
many
/
many/few/
a
few
等,
接可数名词复数
an
amount
of
/
a
great
deal
of
/
a
large
sum
of/
much
/
little
/
a
little
等,接不可数名词
a
lot
of/
plenty
of/
a
quantity
of
/some
等既可接可数名词复数也可接不可数名词