《望梅止渴》的启示

梅止渴的启示

望梅止渴，这个成语出自南朝·宋刘义庆的《世说新语·假谲（jué）》。

三国时期的一年夏天，曹操带兵打仗，将士们走了很长时间都没有水喝，又渴又累，可周围一点水都没有，怎么办呢？曹操心眼多，心想：这样下去可不行。于是他站在一个很高的地方对将士们大声说：“这条路我走过，前边不远的地方有一大片梅林，梅子又多又大，我们赶快去那里去吃梅子吧。”其实根本没这档子事，可大家听曹操这么一说，马上都想到梅子的酸味，人人嘴里都不觉流出不少口水。大家一下子都不觉得渴了，于是都很积极地往前走，盼望马上就能吃到梅子。最后大伙终于走出了这片大荒原，赶到了目的地。曹操说的虽然是一个谎言，可是他让士兵们心中充满了希望，激发了他们的动力，终于赶到了目的地。

一个人只有对前景充满信心，抱有希望，才能激发动力，引发其努力拚搏、奋斗。相反，如果我们看不到希望，没有目标，就会失去信心、缺乏动力、勇气，更谈不上逆流而上，犹如浮萍飘到哪里算哪里。

现在的小学生年龄比较小，自觉性比较差，责任感不明确，欠缺主动性。如何激发学生主动学习，是每一个教师都思考的问题，我们就向曹操学习吧。让学生对学习充满希望，树立信心，激发其努力向上的不屈斗志，还要协助其获得成功，享受成功。

【发音】
wàng méi zhǐ kě
[编辑本段]【解释】
原意是梅子酸，人想吃梅子就会流涎，因而止渴。后比喻愿望无法实现，用空想安慰自己。
[编辑本段]【出处】
南朝宋·刘义庆《世说新语·假谲》：“魏武行役，失汲道，三军皆渴，乃令曰：‘前有大梅林，饶子，甘酸可以解渴。’士卒闻之，口皆出水，乘此得及前源。”
译文： 魏武帝（曹操）行军途中，找不到水源，士兵们都渴得厉害，于是他传令道：" 前边有一片梅子林，结了很多果子，酸甜可以解渴。" 士兵听说后，嘴里都流出了口水，利用这个办法部队赶到前方，找到了水源。
[编辑本段]【示例】
鸾拆书看了，虽然不曾定个来期，也当画饼充饥，望梅止渴。 （明）冯梦龙《警世通言》卷三十四
[编辑本段]【典故】
有一年夏天，曹操率领部队去讨伐张绣，天气热得出奇，骄阳似火，天上一丝云彩也没有，部队在弯弯曲曲的山道上行走，两边密密的树木和被阳光晒得滚烫的山石，让人透不过气来。到了中午时分，士兵的衣服都湿透了，行军的速度也慢下来，有几个体弱的士兵竟晕倒在路边。
曹操看行军的速度越来越慢，担心贻误战机，心里很是着急。可是，眼下几万人马连水都喝不上，又怎么能加快速度呢？他立刻叫来向导，悄悄问他：“这附近可有水源？”向导摇摇头说：“泉水在山谷的那一边，要绕道过去还有很远的路程。”曹操想了一下说，“不行，时间来不及。”他看了看前边的树林，沉思了一会儿，对向导说：“你什么也别说，我来想办法。”他知道此刻即使下命令要求部队加快速度也无济于事。脑筋一转，办法来了，他一夹马肚子，快速赶到队伍前面，用马鞭指着前方说：“士兵们，我知道前面有一大片梅林，那里的梅子又大又好吃，我们快点赶路，绕过这个山丘就到梅林了！”士兵们一听，仿佛已经吃到嘴里，精神大振，步伐不由得加快了许多。
[编辑本段]【英文】
Quenching Thirst by Watching Plums
Cao Cao of the Three Kingdoms period (220-265) was not only a capable politician in managing state affairs, but also a strategist good at leading troops in going to war.
One summer, Cao Cao was leading his troops in a punitive expedition against Zhang Xiu. It was extraordinarily hot. The burning sun was like a fire, and the sky was cloudless. The soldiers were walking on the winding mountain paths. The dense forest and the hot rocks exposed to the sun on both sides of the paths made the soldiers feel suffocated. By noontime the soldiers' clothes were wet through with sweat, and the marching speed slowed down. Some solders of weak physique even fainted on the roadside.
Seeing that the marching speed was slower and slower, Cao Cao was very worried because he feared that he might bungle the chance of winning the battle. But how could they quicken their speed? Cao Cao at once callde the guide and asked him on the quiet whether there was a source of water nearby. The guide shook his head, saying that the spring water was on the other side of the mountain, which was very far to have to make a detour to reach. Cao Cao realized that time didn't permit them to make such a detour. After thinking for a moment, he said to the guide, "Keep quiet. I'll find a way out." He knew that it would be to no avail to order his troops to quicken the steps. He had a brain wave and found a good solution. He spurred his horse and came to the head of the column. Pointing his horsewhip to the front, Cao Cao said, "Soldiers, I know there is a big forest of plums ahead. The plums there are both big and delicious. let's hurry along, and we will reach the forest of plums after bypassing this hill." When the solders heard this, they immediately slobbered. Picturing in their minds the sweet and sour flavour of the plums, the soldiers felt as if they were actually eating the plums, the soldiers felt as if they were actually eating the plums themselves. The morale greatly boosted, the soldiers quickened their steps a great deal automatically.
This story comes from "The Fake Tangery" in Anecdotes of This World by Liu Yiqing of the Southern Dynasties period (420-589). From this story, people have derived the set phrase "quenching thirst by watching plums" to refer to trying to comfort oneself of others by idle dreams.
[编辑本段]【说解】
“望梅止渴”之事表现出曹操的聪明才智，他能在大军绝水源、士卒渴难忍的危急情况下，提及甘酸的梅子，不仅使士卒引起条件反射、暂解干渴之苦，而且也鼓舞了士气，“得及前源”。后以“望梅止渴”比喻虚偿所愿。《水浒传》五十一回：“官人今日见一文也无，提甚三五两银子，正是教俺望梅止渴，画饼充饥!”
[编辑本段]【用法】
作谓语、宾语、定语；指自我安慰
[编辑本段]【近义词】
画饼充饥
意淫
[编辑本段]【反义词】
把饭叫饥

【发音】
wàng méi zhǐ kě
[编辑本段]【解释】
原意是梅子酸，人想吃梅子就会流涎，因而止渴。后比喻愿望无法实现，用空想安慰自己。
[编辑本段]【出处】
南朝宋·刘义庆《世说新语·假谲》：“魏武行役，失汲道，三军皆渴，乃令曰：‘前有大梅林，饶子，甘酸可以解渴。’士卒闻之，口皆出水，乘此得及前源。”
译文： 魏武帝（曹操）行军途中，找不到水源，士兵们都渴得厉害，于是他传令道：" 前边有一片梅子林，结了很多果子，酸甜可以解渴。" 士兵听说后，嘴里都流出了口水，利用这个办法部队赶到前方，找到了水源。
[编辑本段]【示例】
鸾拆书看了，虽然不曾定个来期，也当画饼充饥，望梅止渴。 （明）冯梦龙《警世通言》卷三十四
[编辑本段]【典故】
有一年夏天，曹操率领部队去讨伐张绣，天气热得出奇，骄阳似火，天上一丝云彩也没有，部队在弯弯曲曲的山道上行走，两边密密的树木和被阳光晒得滚烫的山石，让人透不过气来。到了中午时分，士兵的衣服都湿透了，行军的速度也慢下来，有几个体弱的士兵竟晕倒在路边。
曹操看行军的速度越来越慢，担心贻误战机，心里很是着急。可是，眼下几万人马连水都喝不上，又怎么能加快速度呢？他立刻叫来向导，悄悄问他：“这附近可有水源？”向导摇摇头说：“泉水在山谷的那一边，要绕道过去还有很远的路程。”曹操想了一下说，“不行，时间来不及。”他看了看前边的树林，沉思了一会儿，对向导说：“你什么也别说，我来想办法。”他知道此刻即使下命令要求部队加快速度也无济于事。脑筋一转，办法来了，他一夹马肚子，快速赶到队伍前面，用马鞭指着前方说：“士兵们，我知道前面有一大片梅林，那里的梅子又大又好吃，我们快点赶路，绕过这个山丘就到梅林了！”士兵们一听，仿佛已经吃到嘴里，精神大振，步伐不由得加快了许多。
[编辑本段]【英文】
Quenching Thirst by Watching Plums
Cao Cao of the Three Kingdoms period (220-265) was not only a capable politician in managing state affairs, but also a strategist good at leading troops in going to war.
One summer, Cao Cao was leading his troops in a punitive expedition against Zhang Xiu. It was extraordinarily hot. The burning sun was like a fire, and the sky was cloudless. The soldiers were walking on the winding mountain paths. The dense forest and the hot rocks exposed to the sun on both sides of the paths made the soldiers feel suffocated. By noontime the soldiers' clothes were wet through with sweat, and the marching speed slowed down. Some solders of weak physique even fainted on the roadside.
Seeing that the marching speed was slower and slower, Cao Cao was very worried because he feared that he might bungle the chance of winning the battle. But how could they quicken their speed? Cao Cao at once callde the guide and asked him on the quiet whether there was a source of water nearby. The guide shook his head, saying that the spring water was on the other side of the mountain, which was very far to have to make a detour to reach. Cao Cao realized that time didn't permit them to make such a detour. After thinking for a moment, he said to the guide, "Keep quiet. I'll find a way out." He knew that it would be to no avail to order his troops to quicken the steps. He had a brain wave and found a good solution. He spurred his horse and came to the head of the column. Pointing his horsewhip to the front, Cao Cao said, "Soldiers, I know there is a big forest of plums ahead. The plums there are both big and delicious. let's hurry along, and we will reach the forest of plums after bypassing this hill." When the solders heard this, they immediately slobbered. Picturing in their minds the sweet and sour flavour of the plums, the soldiers felt as if they were actually eating the plums, the soldiers felt as if they were actually eating the plums themselves. The morale greatly boosted, the soldiers quickened their steps a great deal automatically.
This story comes from "The Fake Tangery" in Anecdotes of This World by Liu Yiqing of the Southern Dynasties period (420-589). From this story, people have derived the set phrase "quenching thirst by watching plums" to refer to trying to comfort oneself of others by idle dreams.
[编辑本段]【说解】
“望梅止渴”之事表现出曹操的聪明才智，他能在大军绝水源、士卒渴难忍的危急情况下，提及甘酸的梅子，不仅使士卒引起条件反射、暂解干渴之苦，而且也鼓舞了士气，“得及前源”。后以“望梅止渴”比喻虚偿所愿。《水浒传》五十一回：“官人今日见一文也无，提甚三五两银子，正是教俺望梅止渴，画饼充饥!”
[编辑本段]【用法】
作谓语、宾语、定语；指自我安慰
[编辑本段]【近义词】
画饼充饥
意淫
[编辑本段]【反义词】
把饭叫饥

手头紧，给点分吧！！！！！！！！！！！

【解释】
原意是梅子酸，人想吃梅子就会流涎，因而止渴。后比喻愿望无法实现，自慰。
[编辑本段]【出处】
南朝宋·刘义庆《世说新语·假谲》：“魏武行役，失汲道，三军皆渴，乃令曰：‘前有大梅林，饶子，甘酸可以解渴。’士卒闻之，口皆出水，乘此得及前源。”
译文： 魏武帝（曹操）行军途中，找不到水源，士兵们都渴得厉害，于是他传令道：" 前边有一片梅子林，结了很多果子，酸甜可以解渴。" 士兵听说后，嘴里都流出了口水，利用这个办法部队赶到前方，找到了水源。
[编辑本段]【示例】
鸾拆书看了，虽然不曾定个来期，也当画饼充饥，望梅止渴。 （明）冯梦龙《警世通言》卷三十四
[编辑本段]【典故】
有一年夏天，曹操率领部队去讨伐张绣，天气热得出奇，骄阳似火，天上一丝云彩也没有，部队在弯弯曲曲的山道上行走，两边密密的树木和被阳光晒得滚烫的山石，让人透不过气来。到了中午时分，士兵的衣服都湿透了，行军的速度也慢下来，有几个体弱的士兵竟晕倒在路边。
曹操看行军的速度越来越慢，担心贻误战机，心里很是着急。可是，眼下几万人马连水都喝不上，又怎么能加快速度呢？他立刻叫来向导，悄悄问他：“这附近可有水源？”向导摇摇头说：“泉水在山谷的那一边，要绕道过去还有很远的路程。”曹操想了一下说，“不行，时间来不及。”他看了看前边的树林，沉思了一会儿，对向导说：“你什么也别说，我来想办法。”他知道此刻即使下命令要求部队加快速度也无济于事。脑筋一转，办法来了，他一夹马肚子，快速赶到队伍前面，用马鞭指着前方说：“士兵们，我知道前面有一大片梅林，那里的梅子又大又好吃，我们快点赶路，绕过这个山丘就到梅林了！”士兵们一听，仿佛已经吃到嘴里，精神大振，步伐不由得加快了许多。